I tēnei ao matihiko, kei te tūtaki te kanohi tangata ki ngā wero kāore i kitea i mua. Mai i te hihi whero-whero mai i te rā kanapa o waho ki te mārama kikorangi kaha-nui e tukuna ana e ngā mata hiko o roto, kua noho te parahanga mārama hei tūmomo mōrearea nui ki te hauora tirohanga o te ao. E ai ki ngā whare rangahau ophthalmology o te ao, tata ki te 12% o ngā take katarata hou o te ao i ia tau e pā tika ana ki te pānga roa ki te mārama whero-whero. I runga i tēnei horopaki, ko ngā karaihe ārai-mārama whero, hei whakatupuranga hou o ngā hua whatu mahi, kei te tautuhi anō i ngā paerewa tiaki kanohi mā te auahatanga hangarau.
1. Mārama tata-whero: Ko te "kaipatu tirohanga e kore e kitea" e warewarehia
E 46% o te pūngao katoa o te hihi o te rā e ahu mai ana i te māramatanga infrared, ā, ko te māramatanga tata-infrared (IRA) i te roanga ngaru o te 780-1400nm te mea tino kaha ki te uru. He rerekē ki te kino i puta mai i te māramatanga ultraviolet, ka taea e te māramatanga tata-infrared te uru hohonu ki roto i te retina, ka taea e ōna pānga wera te whakakore i ngā pūmua o te karaihe, ā, ka puta he katarata kore e taea te hoki. I whakaatuhia e tētahi rangahau haumanu i te Whare Wānanga Hauora me te Niho o Tokyo i Hapani, ko ngā kaimahi e pāngia ana e te māramatanga infrared mō te wā roa he 3.2 ngā wā ka nui ake te tūponotanga ki te whakawhanake i te pirau kanohi i te taupori whānui.
Ko te mea tino whakamataku ake ko ngā pūtake hihi infrared o te ao hou he nui ake i ērā o te taiao. Ko ngā taputapu pāmahana teitei ahumahi, ngā rama whakamahana infrared, tae atu ki ngā puna mārama horihori pērā i ngā rama xenon o te motuka, ka whakaputa katoa i te hihi tata-infrared kaha teitei. Kua whakaūhia e ngā whakamātautau i te Tari Ophthalmology i te Whare Wānanga o Seoul National i Korea ki te Tonga, ko te pānga ki te whakamahana infrared mō ngā hāora e rua i te tawhiti o te kotahi mita ka taea te whakanui ake i te pāmahana i roto i te kanohi mā te 2.3°C, he nui hei whakaoho i te apoptosis i roto i ngā pūtau arotahi.
2. Te Aranga Hangarau: Ka Waihangahia he Matū Tiaki e te Paninga Maha-Papa
Ko te hangarau matua o ngā karāhe ārai-mārama whero kei roto i te hoahoa nano-tauine o ngā paninga whatu. Hei tauira, ko te raupapa GreenVision Red Shield. E whakamahi ana i tētahi tukanga paninga hiato paparanga-rima:
Paparanga turanga: Ka whakamahia te kapia taupū-teitei 1.60MR hei whakarite kia iti iho i te 0.03% te hē o te whatu.
Paparanga ārai whero: Ka whakatakotoria te waikura tine indium (ITO) me te hauhā silicon kia eke ki te 45% te tere ārai i te whānuitanga 780-1400nm.
Tātari mārama kikorangi: Mā te whakamahi i ngā matūriki mimiti mārama BASF kua patenttia, ka aukati tika i te mārama kikorangi kino-roa-ngaru poto i te awhe 400-450nm.
Paparanga ārai-whakaata AR: Mā te whakamahi i te hangarau magnetron sputtering hei hanga i tētahi paninga tino-angiangi 18-paparanga, ka whakaitihia te whakaata whakaata ki raro iho i te 0.8%.
3. Ngā Taupānga Mākete: Mai i te Tiakitanga Ngaio ki te Hiahia Whānui
E toru ngā āhuatanga matua o te whakamahi i ngā karu ārai-mārama whero:
Te Tiakitanga Mahi: Ngā taputapu nui mō ngā taiao mahi pāmahana teitei pērā i te mahi whakarewa me te mahi karāhe. I whakaatuhia e ngā raraunga whakamātautau mai i tētahi kamupene maitai ko te whakarato i ngā kaimahi ki ngā mōhiti ārai rama whero ka whakaiti i te maha o ngā katarata mahi ā-tau mai i te 0.7% ki te 0.12%.
Ngā Hākinakina o Waho: He tiaki kanohi i ngā taiao mārama pēnei i te reti reti me te piki maunga. Ko ngā karāhe hākinakina ārai-mārama whero e ahu mai ana i te rorohiko e toru ngā wā e ātete ana ki te pānga o te paerewa ANSI Z87.1.
Te Oranga Mamati: He parenga whakapai ake mō ngā kaiwhakamahi mata. I whakaūhia e tētahi rangahau nā te INLOOK Laboratory o Kōrea ki te Tonga, ko te whakamahinga tonu o ngā karaihe ārai-mārama whero mō ngā hāora e whā i whakaiti i te ngenge o te kanohi mā te 41% me te maha o ngā kanohi maroke mā te 28%.
4. Ngā Auahatanga Ahumahi: Te Whakaurunga Mahi me te Maramaramatanga
I te whanaketanga o te pūtaiao rauemi whatu, kei te whakauruhia hohonutia te hangarau aukati rama whero ki ngā āhuatanga whakarerekē tae me te whakapororaru. Ka taea e ngā karāhe aukati rama whero whakarerekē tae whatu e wātea ana i tēnei wā te whakarite i tō rātou whakawhiti mai i te 89% ki te 18% i roto noa i te 30 hēkona. He mea nui ake, ko ngā karāhe arotahi whakaahua atamai, i whakawhanakehia i te mahi tahi me te Chinese Academy of Sciences, he pūoko iti kua hangaia ki roto e aroturuki ana i te whānuitanga rama taiao i te wā tūturu me te whakarite aunoa i ngā tawhā aukati infrared, e tohu ana i te whakawhiti mai i te tiaki kanohi hohe ki te parepare hohe.
I waenganui i te pikinga o te hiahia mō te hauora o te tirohanga, kua nekehia ngā karāhe ārai-mārama whero mai i te rāngai ngaio ki te mākete kaihoko nui. E ai ki a Statista, e matapaetia ana ka neke atu te mākete karāhe mahi o te ao i te US$28 piriona i te tau 2025, me te wāhi o ngā hua ārai-whāwhā e matapaetia ana ka piki ake mai i te 7% o nāianei ki te 15%. Mō ngā kaihanga karāhe, ko te matatau ki ngā hangarau paninga matua me te hanga i tētahi pūnaha tiaki whānui he mea nui ki te angitu ā muri ake nei.
Ideal Optical'sKua whakauruhia ngā karāhe ārai-mārama whero ki roto i tā mātou kohinga mōhiti kanohi kounga teitei, hei whakarei ake i tō wheako tirohanga. Mā te whakakotahi i te hangarau tātari photon matatau me tā mātou rapunga whakaaro hoahoa "whakamarie-tuatahi", ka taea e mātou ngā tohunga me ngā kaiwhaiwhai mamati te pai ki te tirohanga mārama me te tiaki i a rātou mai i te pānga kino o te mārama whero. Hono atu ki ngā mano tini o ngā kiritaki makona puta noa i te ao e whakawhirinaki anaOptical Idealmō ngā otinga tiaki kanohi auaha e whakataurite ana i te kāhua me te mahi. Tirohia te heke mai o ngā mōhiti matihiko i ēnei rā—te ranunga tino pai o te mahi whatu pai me te tiaki mata o te rautau 21.
Wā tuku: 21 o Ākuhata-2025