He mea nui ngā karāhe arotahi mō te whakatikatika tirohanga, ā, he maha ngā momo karāhe e whakamahia whānuitia ana, i runga i ngā hiahia motuhake o te kaimau. Ko ngā karāhe arotahi e rua e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko ngā karāhe arotahi kotahi me ngā karāhe arotahi rua. Ahakoa e whakamahia ana ēnei e rua hei whakatika i ngā ngoikoretanga tirohanga, he rerekē ngā kaupapa me ngā momo taupori kua hangaia. He mea nui te mārama ki te rerekētanga i waenga i ēnei karāhe arotahi hei whakatau whai whakaaro, inā koa ka rerekē ngā hiahia tirohanga o te tangata i runga i te pakeketanga me ngā hiahia o te noho. I roto i tēnei tātari taipitopito, ka tūhuratia e mātou ngā rerekētanga i waenga itirohanga kotahimengā karaihe arotahi-rua, tae atu ki ōna whakamahinga, ōna painga, me te āhua o te whakatika i ngā raruraru tirohanga motuhake.
1. Ngā Arotahi Tirohanga Kotahi: He aha ēnei?
Ko ngā karāhe tirohanga kotahi te momo karāhe māmā rawa, ā, ko te momo karāhe tino whānui te whakamahinga i roto i ngā mōhiti. E ai ki te ingoa, he mea hanga ēnei karāhe hei whakatika i te tirohanga i te roanga arotahi kotahi. Ko te tikanga he rite tonu te kaha whakatika puta noa i te mata katoa o te karāhe, ā, he pai mō te whakatika i tētahi momo hapa tirohanga - te tirohanga tata (myopia) te tirohanga tawhiti rānei (hyperopia).
Ngā Āhuatanga Matua:
Mana ōrite:He rite tonu te kaha o te arotahi ki te arotahi mārama ki tētahi pūwāhi kotahi o te retina. Mā tēnei ka mārama te tirohanga i te tawhiti kotahi.
Ngā Mahi Whakangawari:Nā te mea ka tika te arotahi tirohanga kotahi mō te momo raruraru tirohanga kotahi anake, he tino māmā noa te hoahoa me te hanga.
Mō te Myopia (Tirohanga Tata):He uaua ki te hunga he tirohanga tata te kite mārama i ngā mea tawhiti. Ko ngā karāhe tirohanga kotahi mō te tirohanga tata te mahi mā te whakamarara i te mārama i mua i te pa ki te retina, ka āwhina i ngā mea tawhiti kia koi ake te āhua.
Mō te Matakite Mamao (Hyperopia):He uaua ki te hunga whai tirohanga tawhiti te kite mārama i ngā mea e tata ana. Ko ngā karāhe tirohanga kotahi mō te hyperopia ka aro nui ake te mārama ki te retina, ka whakarei ake i te tirohanga tata.
Ngā Whakamahinga:
Ka taea hoki te whakamahi i ngā karāhe tirohanga kotahi mō te hunga e pāngia ana e te astigmatism, he āhuatanga e kore e rite te āhua o te cornea o te kanohi, ka puta he tirohanga hē i ngā tawhiti katoa. He karāhe tirohanga kotahi motuhake e kiia nei ko ngā karāhe toric kua hangaia hei whakatika i te astigmatism.
Ngā Painga o ngā Arotahi Tirohanga Kotahi:
He Māmā ake te Hoahoa me te Hanga: Nā te mea kua hangaia ēnei karu arotahi hei whakatika i te tirohanga i te tawhiti kotahi anake, he māmā ake, he iti ake hoki te utu ki te hanga i ngā karu arotahi maha-arotahi.
Whānuitanga o ngā tono:He maha ngā whakamahinga o ngā karāhe tirohanga kotahi, ā, he pai mō ngā tāngata o ngā reanga katoa he kotahi anake te momo hapa tirohanga.
Utu Iti: Ko te tikanga, he iti ake te utu mō ngā karāhe tirohanga kotahi i ngā karāhe tirohanga rua, tirohanga whakamua rānei.
Te Whakarerekētanga Ngāwari:Nā te ōrite o te kaha whakatika o te karāhe arotahi katoa, ka ngāwari te urutau a te hunga e mau ana i ngā karāhe arotahi tirohanga kotahi ki ēnei karāhe, me te kore e pāngia e tetahi hapa, e tetahi mamae rānei.
Awhe Arotahi Iti:Ka whakatikahia e ngā karāhe tirohanga kotahi te momo raruraru tirohanga kotahi (tata, tawhiti rānei), ā, kāore pea e ranea mō te hunga e pāngia ana e te presbyopia, e ētahi atu āhuatanga rānei e pā ana ki te koroheketanga e pā ana ki te tirohanga tata me te tirohanga tawhiti.
Ngā Huringa Mōhiti Auau:Mō te hunga e hiahia ana kia whakatikatikaina ngā mahi mō te tawhiti me te tata (hei tauira, te pānui me te taraiwa), me whakawhiti pea ngā karaihe tirohanga kotahi i waenga i ngā takirua rerekē, ā, ka uaua pea tēnei.
Ngā Here o ngā Arotahi Tirohanga Kotahi:
①. Te Awhe Arotahi Poto: Ka whakatikahia e ngā karāhe tirohanga kotahi te momo raruraru tirohanga kotahi (tata, tawhiti rānei), ā, kāore pea e ranea mō te hunga e pāngia ana e te presbyopia, e ētahi atu āhuatanga rānei e pā ana ki te koroheketanga e pā ana ki te tirohanga tata me te tirohanga tawhiti.
2. Te Huringa Auau o ngā Mōhiti Tirotiro: Mō te hunga e hiahia ana ki te whakatikatika mō ngā mahi tawhiti me ngā mahi tata (hei tauira, te pānui me te taraiwa), me whakawhiti pea ngā mōhiti tirohanga kotahi i waenga i ngā takirua rerekē, ā, ka uaua pea tēnei.
2. Ngā Arotahi Matarua: He aha ēnei?
He mea hanga motuhake ngā karāhe arotahi-rua mō te hunga e hiahia ana kia whakatikatikaina te tirohanga tawhiti me te tirohanga tata. E rua ngā wāhanga o ēnei karāhe arotahi: ko tētahi wāhanga hei tiro mārama i ngā mea tawhiti, ko tētahi hei tiro tata, pērā i te wā e pānui ana. I hangaia ngā karāhe arotahi-rua hei rongoā i te presbyopia, he āhuatanga e ngaro ai te kaha o te kanohi ki te arotahi ki ngā mea tata i te kaumātuatanga o te tangata.
Ngā Āhuatanga Matua:
E rua ngā rongoā i roto i te arotahi kotahi:E rua ngā mana whakatika rerekē o ngā karāhe arotahi-rua i roto i te karāhe kotahi, e wehea ana e te rārangi kitea. Ko te wāhanga o runga o te karāhe ka whakamahia mō te tirohanga tawhiti, ko te wāhanga o raro ka whakamahia mō te pānui, mō ētahi atu mahi tata rānei.
Rārangi Wehewehe Motuhake:He rārangi, he kōpiko rānei ngā karu arotahi tuku iho e wehe ana i ngā rohe tirohanga e rua, kia māmā ai te whakawhiti i waenga i te tawhiti me te pānui i ngā whakahaunga mā te neke noa i ngā kanohi ki runga, ki raro rānei.
Mō te Presbyopia:Ko te take tino nui e mau ai te tangata i ngā karāhe arotahi-rua ko te whakatika i te presbyopia. Ko tēnei āhuatanga e pā ana ki te koroheketanga ka tīmata te pā ki te hunga kei roto i ō rātou tau 40 me te 50, ka uaua ai ki a rātou te arotahi ki ngā mea tata, pērā i te wā e pānui ana, e whakamahi ana rānei i te waea atamai.
Mō te Whakatikatika Tirohanga Wā Kotahi:He pai ngā karu arotahi-rua mō te hunga e hiahia ana ki te whakawhiti pinepine i waenga i te tiro i ngā mea tawhiti (pēnei i te taraiwa, te mātakitaki pouaka whakaata rānei) me te mahi i ngā mahi tata (pēnei i te pānui pukapuka, te whakamahi rorohiko rānei). Mā te hoahoa rua-i-te-kotahi ka taea e rātou te mahi i tēnei me te kore e whakawhiti mōhiti.
Ngā Whakamahinga:
Ngā Painga o ngā Arotahi Matarua:
Otinga Whai Hua mō ngā Mea e Rua-i-te-Kotahi:Kāore e hiahiatia ana te kawe i ngā mōhiti kanohi maha mā te whakamahi i ngā karu arotahi-rua. Mā te whakakotahi i te whakatikatika tirohanga tawhiti me te tirohanga tata ki te kotahi takirua, ka tukuna he otinga whai hua mō te hunga he presbyopia, he hiahia tirohanga maha-arotahi rānei.
Te Mahi Tirohanga Kua Whakapaitia:Mō te hunga e hiahia ana ki te tirohanga mārama i te tawhiti me te tata, ka taea e ngā karu arotahi-rua te whakapai ake i te mahi o ia rā, me te kore e hiahia ki te whakawhiti tonu i ngā karu.
He iti ake te utu ki ngā arotahi arotahi-rua i ngā arotahi tirohanga kotahi, engari he iti ake te utu i ngā arotahi arotahi-rua, e pai ake ai te whakawhiti i waenga i ngā rohe arotahi rerekē.
Te Wehewehenga Tirohanga: Ko tētahi o ngā āhuatanga tino kitea o ngā karāhe arotahi-rua ko te rārangi kitea e wehe ana i ngā rohe tirohanga e rua. Ki ētahi kaiwhakamahi, kāore tēnei i te ātaahua, ā, ka taea hoki te hanga i tētahi pānga "peke" ina whakawhiti i waenga i ngā rohe e rua.
Tirohanga Waenga iti:He rerekē ngā karāhe arotahi-rua i te tirohanga whakamua, ā, e rua noa ngā rohe tohutoro o ngā karāhe arotahi-rua—te tawhiti me te tata. Ka waiho he āputa mō te tirohanga waenga, pērā i te mātakitaki i te mata rorohiko, ka raru pea tēnei mō ētahi mahi.
Wā Whakatikatika:Tērā pea ka roa te wā e hiahiatia ana e ētahi kaiwhakamahi ki te urutau ki te panoni ohorere i waenga i ngā rohe arotahi e rua, inā koa ina huri pinepine ana i waenga i te tirohanga tawhiti me te tirohanga tata.
Ngā Here o ngā Arotahi Matarua:
①. Te Wehewehenga Tirotiro: Ko tētahi o ngā āhuatanga tino kitea o ngā karāhe arotahi-rua ko te rārangi kitea e wehe ana i ngā rohe tirohanga e rua. Ki ētahi kaiwhakamahi, kāore tēnei i te ātaahua, ā, ka taea hoki te hanga i tētahi pānga "peke" ina whakawhiti i waenga i ngā rohe e rua.
2. Tirohanga Waenga Iti: Kāore i rite ki ngā karāhe arotahi whakamua, e rua noa ngā rohe tohutoro o ngā karāhe arotahi-rua—te tawhiti me te tata. Ka waiho he āputa mō te tirohanga waenga, pērā i te mātakitaki i te mata rorohiko, ka raru pea mō ētahi mahi.
3. Wā Whakatikatika: Tērā pea ka roa te wā e hiahiatia ana e ētahi kaiwhakamahi ki te urutau ki te panonitanga ohorere i waenga i ngā rohe arotahi e rua, inā koa ka huri pinepine i waenga i te tirohanga tawhiti me te tirohanga tata.
3. He Whakataurite Taipitopito i waenga i ngā Arotahi Tirohanga Kotahi me ngā Arotahi Tirohanga Rua
Hei mārama ake i ngā rerekētanga matua i waenga i ngā karāhe tirohanga kotahi me ngā karāhe tirohanga rua, me wehewehe ngā rerekētanga e pā ana ki te hoahoa, te mahi, me te wheako kaiwhakamahi.
4. Āhea koe me whiriwhiri ai i ngā karāhe tirohanga kotahi, i ngā karāhe tirohanga rua rānei?
Ko te whiriwhiri i waenga i ngā karāhe tirohanga kotahi me ngā karāhe tirohanga rua e whakawhirinaki ana ki ō hiahia tirohanga. Anei ētahi āhuatanga ka pai ake pea ia momo:
Te Kōwhiri i ngā Arotahi Tirohanga Kotahi:
①. Ngā Tāngata Tirohanga Tata, Tirohanga Mamao rānei: Mena kotahi anake te momo hapa tirohanga, pērā i te myopia, te hyperopia rānei, ā, kāore e hiahiatia he whakatikatika mō te tirohanga tata me te tirohanga tawhiti, ko ngā karāhe tirohanga kotahi te whiringa pai rawa atu.
2. Ngā Taiohi: Ko te tikanga, kotahi anake te momo raruraru tirohanga e hiahiatia ana mō te hunga rangatahi. Nā te mea he iti ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia rātou e te presbyopia, he otinga māmā, he otinga utu hoki ngā karāhe tirohanga kotahi.
Te Kōwhiri i ngā Arotahi Bifocal:
①. Te Matapōkere o te Karu i te Tau: Mena kei te raru koe ki te arotahi ki ngā mea e tata ana nā te matapōkere engari me whakatika tonu te tawhiti, he kōwhiringa whai hua ngā karāhe arotahi-rua.
2. Te Whakawhiti Auau i waenga i te Tirohanga Tata me te Tirohanga Tawhiti: Mō te hunga e hiahia ana ki te huri haere tonu i waenga i te titiro ki ngā mea tawhiti me te pānui, te mahi rānei i ngā mahi tata, ka tukuna e ngā karāhe arotahi-rua he whai wāhitanga me te mahi i roto i te karāhe kotahi.
5. Whakamutunga
Hei whakarāpopototanga, kua hangaia ngā karāhe tirohanga kotahi me ngā karāhe tirohanga rua hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia whakatikatika tirohanga rerekē. He māmā noa iho ngā karāhe tirohanga kotahi, ā, he pai mō ngā tāngata taitamariki, mō te hunga rānei e hiahia ana ki te whakatika i tētahi momo raruraru tirohanga, pērā i te tirohanga tata, te tirohanga tawhiti rānei. Ko ngā karāhe tirohanga rua, he mea hanga mō ngā tāngata kaumātua he presbyopia e hiahia ana ki te whakatikatika mō te tirohanga tata me te tirohanga tawhiti, e whakarato ana i tētahi otinga rua-i-te-kotahi e watea ana.
He mea nui te whiriwhiri i ngā karāhe tika hei whakarite i te hauora o te tirohanga me te whakamarie o ia rā. He mea tino taunaki kia kōrero koe ki tētahi tākuta kanohi, ki tētahi tohunga tiaki kanohi rānei, kia mōhio ai koe ko tēhea momo karāhe e pai ana mō ō hiahia takitahi.
Wā tuku: Oketopa-16-2024